The Brief History of Nobel Peace Prize as Trump Hopes for a Nomination

TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - The Pakistani government has thrown its support behind Trump's quest to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 2025, citing Trump's role in ending the Pakistan-India conflict last May.

However, as quoted from The Independent, the U.S. bomb and missile strikes on several Iranian nuclear facilities have cast doubt on Trump's credibility. So, just how prestigious is the Nobel Peace Prize that Trump dreams of?

Citing nobelpeaceprize.org, the Nobel Peace Prize, as stipulated by its founder Alfred Nobel, is awarded to individuals who have made the greatest or most meaningful contribution to the promotion of international fraternity, the reduction or abolition of standing armies, and the holding and promotion of peace congresses.

Throughout its history, the Nobel Peace Prize has been a form of recognition for various forms of work and ideas in achieving world peace. In its early days, until the outbreak of World War I, the award was often given to pioneers of structured and organized peace movements.

During the interwar period, the focus of the award shifted to political leaders actively promoting peace, stability, and international justice through diplomatic channels and international agreements. However, the award was also given to individuals involved in humanitarian work, such as Nansen, the High Commissioner for Refugees of the League of Nations.

After World War II, the Nobel Peace Prize was generally awarded for efforts in four main areas: arms control and disarmament, peace negotiations, the struggle for democracy and human rights, and initiatives to create a more peaceful and orderly world.

Entering the 21st century, the Nobel Committee also began to pay attention to environmental issues, such as human-induced climate change and threats to ecosystems, as part of the contribution to world peace.

History of the Nobel Peace Prize

When Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel died in 1896, he bequeathed one of the largest personal fortunes in the world at that time. In his last will, Nobel stipulated that his entire estate of 31.5 million Swedish kronor should be invested in safe securities. The yield from the investment, namely the interest, would be distributed annually in the form of awards to those who, during the preceding year, had conferred the greatest benefit to mankind.

The will established five fields that would receive the awards: physics, chemistry, medicine or physiology, literature, and peace. Nobel also detailed specific criteria to be used by each committee in selecting prize recipients.

The Nobel Peace Prize was mandated to be selected by a committee of five people appointed by the Storting, the Norwegian parliament. The appointment was received in April 1897, and the committee was formed in the same year, in August.

In Sweden, Nobel's will initially sparked legal disputes with some members of his family. After this conflict was resolved and financial matters were settled with the establishment of the Nobel Foundation in 1900, all prize-awarding institutions, including the Norwegian Nobel Committee, could begin their work.

The first Nobel Prize was awarded in 1901. For the Peace category, the inaugural prize was given to two figures, Frédéric Passy from France and Jean Henry Dunant from Switzerland.

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